Larynx anatomy

Retroperitoneal spaces anatomy

MD- November 2013 Paper IV

PG Degree Supplementary Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - 
November 2013 

Paper IV - Recent Advances in Radiodiagnosis

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Essays: (20)

1. Techniques and applications of magnetic resonance perfusion imaging of the
brain


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Embolisation materials used in interventional radiology
3. Radio frequency ablations
4. M R spectroscopy applications
5. Intra operative ultrasound
6. Electron beam CT
7. Magnetic resonance elastography
8. Fusion imaging
9. Digital radiography versus computed radiography

MD - November 2013 Paper III

PG Degree Supplementary Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - 
November 2013 
Paper III - Skeletal System, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Imaging, ENT, Eyes,
Teeth, Soft Tissues, Skull and Central Nervous System

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary


Essays: (20)

1. Radiological evaluation of spinal tuberculosis and differential diagnosis


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Placental evaluation
3. Subclavian steal syndrome
4. Breast MRI in evaluation of breast cancer
5. Imaging in ectopic pregnancy
6. Developmental dysplasia of the hip
7. Ultrasound of orbit
8. Imaging in acute stroke
9. Evaluation of cervical spine injury


*****************

MD - November 2013 Paper II

PG Degree Supplementary Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - 
November 2013 
Paper II - Respiratory System, Cardiovascular System, Gastrointestinal Tract
and Urogenita Tracts

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Essays: (20)

1. Twenty five years old male patient presenting with hypertension. Discuss the following: 
• Differential diagnosis 
• Approach to imaging 
• Radiologist’s role in management of the patient. 


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Radiology of intussusception
3. HRCT findings in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
4. Sonography in obstructive jaundice
5. Technique and usefulness of M R venography
6. Myocardial perfusion studies in nuclear medicine
7. Pulmonary CT angiography
8. Imaging renal transplant patients
9. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

MD - November 2013 Paper I

PG Degree Supplementary Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - 
November 2013 
Paper I – Basic Science, Radiation Physics, Radiological Anatomy and
Contrast Media

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary


Essays: (20)

1. Plan a radiology department for 500 bedded hospital


Short essays: (10x8=80)

2. Principle of multi-detector row CT
3. State the principle of radiation protection. Discuss about the dose reduction
strategies in fluoroscopy
4. Discuss about various types of grids. What are the various reasons for grid cut-off
5. Basic image formation in MRI
6. Radiological anatomy of retroperitoneum
7. Radiographic technique of townes view and lordotic view
8. Reaction from contrast agents used in CT
9. Discuss computed radiography and indirect digital radiography

MD - May 2013 Paper IV

PG Degree Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - May 2013 

Paper IV - Recent Advances in Radiodiagnosis

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Essays: (20)

1. Brief the points you know on joint prostheses and discuss in detail imaging procedures for assessment of patients with prostheses. 

Short essays: (8x10=80)


2. Foetal interventions

3. Contrast enhanced ultrasound

4. CT fluroscopy

5. Yittium-90 microsphere embolisation

6. Nanotechnology in medicine

7. lntravascular ultrasound

8. Percutaneous vertebroplasty

9. Magnetic resonance angiography

MD - May 2013 Paper Ill

PG Degree Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - May 2013 

Paper Ill - Skeletal System, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Imaging, ENT, Eyes,
Teeth, Soft Tissues, Skull and Central Nervous System

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Essays: (20)

1. Discuss the plain radiography findings in primary & secondary hyper 
parathyroidism and hypo parathyroidism 

Short essays: (8x10=80)


2. Neuro sonography in newborn infant

3. CT features of pseudo tumour in orbit

4. Testicular torsion

5. Spinal angiography

6. Radiology of ankylosing spondylitis

7. Imaging in epilepsy

8. M R mammography in breast diseases.

9. lnterventional radiology in infertility management

MD - May 2013 Paper II

PG Degree Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - May 2013

Paper II - Respiratory System, Cardiovascular System, Gastrointestinal Tract
and Urogenita Tracts

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Essays: (20)

1. Compare the roles of radiotracer imaging and cardiac MRI in myocardial 
diseases and mention the current concepts in the follow-up of these patients. 

Short essays: (8x10=80)


2. Imaging in urinary bladder trauma

3. CT anatomy of mediastinum

4. Plain radiography findings in acute pancreatitis

5. Angiography in aorta arteritis.

6. Imaging and inteNentions in renal cell carcinoma (RCC)

7. Role of scintigraphy in gastro intestinal bleed.

8. MRI of post operative chest.

9. Imaging esophageal function in dysphagia.

MD - May 2013 Paper I

PG Degree Examinations in Radiodiagnosis (MD) - May 2013 

Paper I- Basic Science, Radiation Physics, Radiological Anatomy and
Contrast Media

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions
• Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Essays: (20)

1. Describe basic principles and functioning of digital radiography system and brief  about- 

• Types of detectors in digital radiograph. 

• Advantages of digital radiography.


Short essays: (10x8=80)


2. Radiological anatomy of retroperitoneum .

3. Radiation protection steps in DSA room.

4. Pathology of hepato cellular carcinoma (HCC).

5. MRI contrast agents.

6. Physiology of glomerular filtration .

7. Radiotracers for bone scintigraphy.

8. Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism

9. Management of adverse reactions of intravenous contrast materials used in CT study

DMRD - May 2013 Paper Ill

P.G Diploma Examinations in Medical Radiodiagnosis
(DMRD) - May 2013 

Paper Ill - Skeletal System, Skull and Central Nervous System, Obstetrics and
Gynaecological Imaging, ENT, Eyes, Dental, Jaw & Soft Tissues Nuclear
Medicine

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions


Essay: (20)

1. Classify bone tumours. Describe the role of imaging in the diagnosis of malignant bone tumours 


Short essays: (8x10=80)
2. lntracranial calcifications.
3. Classify gliomas and describe imaging features in gliomas.
4. Discuss the ovarian tumours classification and its characteristics in ultrasound and
colour doppler investigations.
5. Classify orbital tumours. Describe imaging features of tumours involving the
eyeball.
6. Adamantinoma of jaw.
7. Radiological anatomy of the petrous temporal bone.
8. Soft tissue haemangioma.
9. Lung perfusion scan.

DMRD - May 2013 Paper II

P.G Diploma Examinations in Medical Radiodiagnosis
(DMRD) - May 2013 

Paper II - Respiratory System, Cadiovascular System, Gastrointestinal Tract,
Hepatobiliary, Genitourinary Tract and Endocrine Systems

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions


Essay: (20)

1. Describe the pulmonary manifestations in immuno-compromised patients.


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Cardiac ct angiogram
3. MR spectroscopy
4. Liver trauma
5. Entroclysis
6. Evaluation of deep vein thrombosis
7. Trachea-oesophageal developmental anomalies.
8. Radiological changes in chronic haemolytic anaemias
9. Respiratory distress syndrome

DMRD - May 2013 Paper I

P.G Diploma ExaminationsinMedicalRadiodiagnosis
(DMRD) - May 2013 

Paper I- Basic Sciences as Applied to Radiodiagnosis (Basic science,
Radiation physics, Radiological anatomy, Radiography and contrast media)
Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions

Essay: (20)

1. Describe the physical principles of sprial C.T. Discuss the merits and demerits in clinical applications as compared with conventional C.T. 


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Hazards of radiation in a human beings
3. Discuss the various radiographic techniques for patella
4. X-rays and it properties
5. Phased array transducer
6. Non-ionic contrast media
7. Pulse sequence in MR imaging
8. Normal anatomy of mediastinum
9. Grids

DMRD - November 2012 Paper Ill

P.G Diploma (Supplementary) Examinations in Medical
Radiodiagnosis (DMRD) - November 2012 
Paper Ill - Skeletal System, Skull and Central Nervous System, Obstetrics and
Gynaecological Imaging, ENT, Eyes, Dental, Jaw & Soft Tissues Nuclear
Medicine

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions


Essay: (20)

1. How will you radiologically investigate a case of spinal trauma


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Transvaginal ultrasound
3. Pseudo tumours of the orbit
4. Colour doppler evaluation of kidneys
5. First trimester bleeding
6. Ring enhancing lesions in brain
7. Recent advances in prostatic imaging
8. Hystero-salpingography
9. Knee joint magnetic resonance imaging

DMRD - November 2012 Paper II

P.G Diploma (Supplementary) Examinations in Medical
Radiodiagnosis (DMRD) - November 2012 

Paper II - Respiratory System, Cadiovascular System, Gastrointestinal Tract,
Hepatobiliary, Genitourinary Tract and Endocrine Systems

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions

Essay: (20)

1. Discuss the imaging in malrotation of the gut. Add a brief note on the development of the gut .


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Constrictive pericarditis
3. Focal splenic lesion
4. Fallot's tetralogy
5. Renal osteodystrophy
6. Aneurysms of the aorta
7. Trans-hepatic biliary drainage
8. Gastro intestinal stromal tumours
9. Pulmonary sequestration

DMRD - November 2012 Paper I

P.G Diploma (Supplementary)Examinations inMedical Radiodiagnosis
 (DMRD) - November 2012 
Paper I- Basic Sciences as Applied to Radiodiagnosis (Basic science, Radiation
physics, Radiological anatomy, Radiography and contrast media)

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions

Essay: (20)

1. What is an image intensifier. Draw a neat diagram and write in detail its
consrtuction, and uses in radiology


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Apicogram - positioning and indications
3. Pulmonary oedema
4. Marfan's syndrome
5. Spinal tuberculosis
6. Anatomy of the retro peritonium
7. Scattered radiation
8. Diagnosis of acute pulmonary infaction
9. Development of kidney

DMRD- June 2012 Paper Ill

P.G Diploma Examinations inMedical Radiodiagnosis
 (DMRD)- June 2012 
Paper Ill - Skeletal System, Skull and Central Nervous System,
Obstetrics and Gynaecological Imaging, ENT, Eyes, Dental, Jaw & Soft
Tissues Nuclear Medicine
Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions


Essay: (20)

1. Describe in detail ring enhancing lesions in brain


Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Sclerotic lesions in skull.
3. Perthes disease.
4. Ectopic pregnancy.
5. Bone scan.
6. lntraconal lesions of orbit.
7. Meningioma.
8. Sonography of solid breast lesions.
9. Imaging of petrous bone.

DMRD – June 2012 Paper II

P.G Diploma Examinations in Medical Radiodiagnosis
(DMRD) – June 2012 
Paper II – Respiratoey System, Cardiovascular System, Gastrointestinal Tract,
Hepatobiliary, Genitourinary Tract and Endocrine Systems

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions

Essay: (20)

1. Describe in detail doppler evaluation of lower limb veins.

Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Cardiac CT

3. Imaging in acute appendicitis

4. Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung

5. Ground glass opacity in HRCT- significance and DD

6. Imaging in chest trauma

7. Emphysematous pyelonephritis

8. Internal hernia

9. Interventions in upper GI bleed

DMRD - June 2012

P.G Diploma Examinations in Medical Radiodiagnosis
(DMRD) - June 2012 

Paper I- Basic Sciences as Applied to Radiodiagnosis (Basic science, Radiation
physics, Radiological anatomy, Radiography and contrast media)

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions

Essays:
1. Describe in detail CSF production and circulation .

Short essays:
(20)

(8x10=80)

2. Image intensifier television system.

3. Radiological anatomy of carotid artery and branches.

4. Describe the embryology and development of pancreas.

5. Principle of diffusion imaging in MRI.

6. Ultrasound artif acts.

7. PACS.

8. TLD badge.

9. Anode heal effect.

MDRD MODEL PAPER - IV

Paper IV – RECENT ADVANCES IN RADIODIAGNOSIS 
Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100

 Answer all questions
 Draw diagrams wherever necessary


Essay: (20) 

1. Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy - Principles, technique and clinical
applications


Short essays: (8X10=80) 

2. Phase contrast MRA
3. Mangnetization transfer
4. Tissue harmonic – US imaging
5. Vascular intervention in GIT
6. Endoscopic ultrasonography
7. Tissue elastography
8. PET – CT imaging
9. MDCT perfusion study

MDRD MODEL PAPER - III

MD Degree Examinations in Radio Diagnosis
(Model Question Paper)

Paper III – SKELETAL SYSTEM, OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGICAL IMAGING, 
ENT, EYES, TEETH, SOFT TISSUES, SKULL AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. 

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
 Answer all questions
 Draw diagrams wherever necessary


Essay: (20) 

1. In imaging Acute Stroke
 Role of MDCT
 Basic MR sequences
 Diffusion – perfusion mismatch and role of thrombolytic therapy


Short essays: (8X10=80) 

2. Role of Radiology in the management of osteosarcoma
3. Carotid – cavernous fistula
4. Odentigenic tumor of mandible
5. Perthe’s disease – imaging features
6. Role of MRI in malignant ovarian tumors
7. Anomaly scan in 1st – trimester
8. Mesial temporal sclerosis
9. Glomus tympanum tumors


***********************

MDRD MODEL PAPER - II

MD Degree Examinations in Radio Diagnosis
(Model Question Paper)

Paper II – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, 
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND UROGENITAL TRACTS 

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
 Answer all questions
 Draw diagrams wherever necessary


Essay: (20) 

1. Blunt abdominal trauma patient presenting with haematuria, discuss the
 Approach to imaging
 MDCT grading of renal injury
 Imaging features of intraperitoneal and extra peritoneal urinary bladder
rupture
 Role of imaging in managements of urinary bladder rupture


Short essays: (8X10=80) 

2. Imaging in Pulmonary thrombo embolism
3. Pulmonary manifestations in AIDS
4. Nuclear cardiac imaging
5. Collagen vascular disorders – HRCT findings
6. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
7. Imaging in Gastric volvulus
8. Ischemic colitis
9. Acute on chronic pancreatitis – diagnostic dilemmas

MDRD MODEL PAPER-I

MD Degree Examinations in Radio Diagnosis
(Model Question Paper)

Paper I – BASIC SCIENCE, RADIATION PHYSICS, RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY 
AND CONTRAST MEDIA 
Time: 3 hrs Max marks :100

 Answer all questions
 Draw diagrams wherever necessary


Essay: (20)

1. Describe the structure and the following photographic characteristics of a double coated X-ray film?
 Characteristic curve
 Film gamma
 Film latitude
 Speed of film.


Short essays: (8X10=80)

2. Radiological anatomy of Larynx and Hypopharynx
3. Contrast agents in MRI
4. Principle of Doppler ultrasound and methods of Doppler shift display
5. Biologicals effects of x-rays and Radiation protection methods for a Radiologist
doing fluoroscopy
6. X-ray tube rating charts and its applications
7. Day light film – handling systems
8. Basic radiographic views of paranasal sinuses
9. X-ray beam restrictors

MODEL Paper III

P.G. Diploma Examinations in Medical Radiodiagnosis (DMRD)
(Model Question Paper)

Paper III – Skeletal System, Skull and Central Nervous System, Obstetrics and 
Gynaecological Imaging, ENT, Eyes, Dental, Jaw & Soft Tissues Nuclear 
Medicine 

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100
• Answer all questions

Essay: (20)

1. Enumerate the causes of intracranial bleed. CT &MR imaging finding in
intracranial bleed and its interventions

Short essays: (8x10=80)

2. Renal isotope study.
3. IUGR
4. Breast elastography.
5. Extraconal lesion of eye.
6. Lytic lesions in skull.
7. Tuberous sclerosis .
8. Dysgerminoma
9. Fibrous dysplasia.

MODEL - Paper II

P.G. Diploma Examinations in Medical Radiodiagnosis(DMRD) 

(Model Question Paper) 

Paper II – Respiratory System, Cadiovascular System, Gastrointestinal Tract, 

Hepatobiliary, Genitourinary Tract and Endocrine Systems 

Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100 

• Answer all questions 

Essay: (20) 

1. Describe the DD of reticular nodular shadowing. Describe the X’ray findings 

staging and HRCT findings in sarcoidosis 

Short essays: (8x10=80) 

2. PAPVC. 

3. Pericardial effusion. 

4. Polycystic kidney. 

5. Grading of bladder trauma. 

6. GI tuberculosis 

7. Imaging findings of acromegaly. 

8. Radionuclide in Gl bleed. 

9. Anorectal malformation. 

MODEL QUESTION PAPER

P.G. Diploma Examinations in Medical Radiodiagnosis(DMRD)
(Model Question Paper)

Paper I –
Basic Sciences as Applied to Radiodiagnosis (Basic science,
Radiation physics, Radiological anatomy, Radiography and contrast media)
Time: 3 hrs Max marks:100

• Answer all questions


Essay: (20)
1. Describe the development of interatrial septum and gross anatomy of right atrium
with a labelled diagram.


Short essays: (8x10=80)
2. X’rays and its properties .
3. Radiations protection devices.
4. MR artifacts
5. MR contrast agents.
6. Endocavitary probe.
7. MDCT.
8. Radiological anatomy of shoulder joint
9. Describe radiography of :
• Patella • Scaphoid • PNS • Orbit 

KERALA UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

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